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r gait speed as well as lower muscle mass in old adults. Intervention studies are needed to examine whether anti-inflammatory dietary approaches can help to improve muscle mass and function and thus minimize the risk for sarcopenia in the long-term.<br />To investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia and dysphagia in nursing homes and to analyze the associations between sarcopenic parameters and dysphagia.<br />A cross-sectional study.<br />Nursing homes in Chengdu, Sichuan, China.<br />The study included 365 participants (122 men and 243 women) aged 60 years or older who could walk independently or with walking aids for at least 50 meters.<br />Dysphagia was defined by the water swallow test and sarcopenia and its components were evaluated by the criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia, 2019. The values and percentages of sarcopenia associated parameters in relation to dysphagia were analyzed in both male and female residents. The Benjamini-Hochberg method was used to adjust for multiple comparisons. The relationship between sarcopenic components and dysphagia was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analysis by sex.<br />A total of 365 residents (mean age 84.28 years; 122 men and 243 women) were included in the study. Sarcopenia was diagnosed in 63.0%sing home residents.<br />There is a high percentage of both dysphagia and sarcopenia in nursing home residents in West China. Low calf circumference and sarcopenia had strong associations with dysphagia among male nursing home residents.<br />To explore the prevalence of dysphagia and fear of choking in patients with Huntington's disease (HD) as well as preventive measures, both those applied and those not included in managing dysphagia. Also, to investigate related problems encountered by their formal and informal caregivers.<br />A multi-center observational cross-sectional study.<br />158 HD patients, recruited from six Dutch nursing homes specialized in HD, and their formal and informal caregivers.<br />Patients were assessed by means of questionnaires enquiring about dysphagia, fear of choking and measures to manage dysphagia. Also, questionnaires were administered about awareness of dysphagia symptoms, cognition and anxiety. Because we expected individuals with greater care dependency to have a higher severity of dysphagia, we distinguished between a care-independent and a care-dependent group of HD patients.<br />In the total group, 90.5% of HD patients had one or more dysphagia symptoms. The prevalence of FoC in HD patients and the formal and informres was used to manage dysphagia in most HD patients.<br />Vitamin D deficiency is common in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery (HFS) and has been found to be associated with poor post-operative outcome in other settings. This study aimed to analyze the association between vitamin D status and prognosis after HFS.<br />Observational, prospective, single-center study.<br />All patients admitted in a peri-operative geriatric unit between 2009 and 2020 for HFS were included.<br />A moderate vitamin D deficiency was defined by a vitamin D level between 25 and 75 nmol/l and a severe deficiency by a vitamin D level &lt;25 nmol/l. [https://www.selleckchem.com/ selleck inhibitor] Primary endpoint was mortality 6 months after surgery. Secondary endpoints were bacterial infections and delirium during hospitalization. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were computed using logistic regression models with adjustment for confounders.<br />1197 patients were included (median age 87 years, IQR [82-91]). Median vitamin D level was 55 nmol/l (IQR [30-75 nmol/l]). Moderate and severe vitamin D deficiencies were reported in 53% and 21% of patients, respectively. There was no significant association between moderate or severe vitamin D deficiencies and 6-month mortality (OR 0.91, 95%CI [0.59-1.39], and OR 1.31, 95%CI [0.77-2.22], respectively), bacterial infection (OR 0.89, 95%CI [0.60-1.31] and OR 1.55, 95%CI [0.99-2.41], respectively), nor delirium (OR 1.03, 95%CI [0.75-1.40], and OR 1.05, 95%CI [0.70-1.57], respectively).<br />Vitamin D deficiency was not associated with mortality, bacterial infection or delirium after HFS. Our results suggest that comorbidities, functional status and post-operative complications are the main determinants of post-operative outcome after HFS.<br />Vitamin D deficiency was not associated with mortality, bacterial infection or delirium after HFS. Our results suggest that comorbidities, functional status and post-operative complications are the main determinants of post-operative outcome after HFS.<br />To examine the relationship between Vitamin D status and pain intensity and disability in individuals with and without knee pain, and to examine the role of epigenetics in this relationship.<br />Cross-sectional analysis of data from the UPLOAD-2 study (Understanding Pain and Limitations in OsteoArthritic Disease-2).<br />189 individuals aged 45-65 years and older.<br />Serum Vitamin D levels, pain related interference and characteristic pain intensity measures, and the epigenetic clock GrimAge derived from blood analyses.<br />Lower Vitamin D was associated with advanced epigenetic aging (AgeAccelGrim), greater pain and disability and that (AgeAccelGrim) mediated the relationship between Vitamin D status and self-reported pain (ab = -0.0799; CI [-0.1492, -0.0237]) and disability (ab = -0.0669; CI [-0.1365, -0.0149]) outcomes.<br />These data support the notion that lifestyle factors such as nutrition status play a key role in aging process, as well as the development and maintenance of age-related diseases such as pain. Modifying nutrition status could help promote healthy aging and reduce pain.<br />These data support the notion that lifestyle factors such as nutrition status play a key role in aging process, as well as the development and maintenance of age-related diseases such as pain. Modifying nutrition status could help promote healthy aging and reduce pain.The synthesis of nanoparticles is affected by many reaction conditions, and their properties are usually determined by factors such as their size, shape and surface chemistry. In order for the synthesized nanoparticles to have functions suitable for different fields (for example, optics, electronics, sensor applications and so on), precise control of their properties is essential. However, with the current technology of preparing nanoparticles on a microreactor, it is time-consuming and laborious to achieve precise synthesis. In order to improve the efficiency of synthesizing nanoparticles with the expected functionality, the application of machine learning-assisted synthesis is an intelligent choice. In this article, we mainly introduce the typical methods of preparing nanoparticles on microreactors, and explain the principles and procedures of machine learning, as well as the main ways of obtaining data sets. We have studied three types of representative nanoparticle preparation methods assisted by machine learning. Finally, the current problems in machine learning-assisted nanoparticle synthesis and future development prospects are discussed.Single crystal studies provide a better understanding of the basic properties of organic photovoltaic devices. Therefore, in this work, rubrene single crystals with a thickness of 250 nm to 1000 nm were used to produce an inverted bilayer organic solar cell. Subsequently, polycrystalline rubrene (orthorhombic, triclinic) and amorphous bilayer solar cells of the same thickness as single crystals were studied to make comparisons across platforms. To investigate how single crystal, polycrystalline (triclinic-orthorhombic) and amorphous forms alter the charge carrier recombination mechanism at the rubrene/PCBM interface, light intensity measurements were carried out. The light intensity dependency of the JSC, VOC and FF parameters in organic solar cells with different forms of rubrene was determined. Monomolecular (Shockley Read Hall) recombination is observed in devices employing amorphous and polycrystalline rubrene in addition to bimolecular recombination, whereas the single crystal device is weakly affected by trap assisted SRH recombination due to reduced trap states at the donor acceptor interface. To date, the proposed work is the only systematic study examining transport and interface recombination mechanisms in organic solar cells produced by different structure forms of rubrene.The commercially available and experimentally convenient (bp 65 °C) difluoromethyltrimethylsilane (TMSCHF2) is proposed as a valuable difluoromethylating transfer reagent for delivering the CHF2 moiety to various heteroatom-based electrophiles. Upon activation with an alkoxide, a conceptually intuitive nucleophilic displacement directly furnishes in high yields the bench-stable analogues.With legalization and decriminalization of cannabis in many parts of the world comes the need for rapid separation and quantitation of the psychoactive ingredients. Here, we demonstrate the use of differential mobility spectrometry (DMS) mass spectrometry for the analysis of five cannabinoid molecules the isomer set of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), and cannabichromine (CBC), and the (-)-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) isomer pair. Analytes were investigated under a variety of gas-phase environments to identify optimal separation conditions based on ion differential mobilities. Separation of the isomers was complicated by the formation of ion-solvent adducts during electrospray ionization (ESI). The observation of ion-solvent adducts correlated with calculated intermolecular binding energies. Introducing 1.5% (v/v) isopropyl alcohol into the N2 carrier gas resulted in strong clustering with the cannabinoid isomers, displacing ESI solvent from the adducts and enabling separation and quantitation of the cannabinoid isomer sets within seconds. Quantification of the carboxylated isomers in marijuana flower was performed to demonstrate analysis of cannabis samples.<br />This study examined the physiological strain experienced by workers employed in motor-manual timber harvesting performed in winter and summer, and the applicability of heart rate indices for estimating energy expenditure.<br />The heart rates (HR) of 2 teams consisting of 2 persons working simultaneously during felling and forwarding, in both winter and summer, were measured. Heart rate at work (HR<br />), resting heart rate (HR<br />), relative heart rate (%HRR), ratio of working heart rate to resting heart rate, and 50% level were used to estimate the physiological workload in particular jobs. The HR<br />(HR<br />/HR<br />) equation was used to estimate the energy expenditure (EE).<br />For all jobs, significantly higher physiological workload and energy expenditure were recorded during winter.<br />The season significantly affects the physiological workload during logging operations. If there is no possibility of harvesting wood in summer, in order to limit the workload of workers during winter activity, attention should be paid to the proper organization of work and selection of workers. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2022;35(4)437-47.<br />The season significantly affects the physiological workload during logging operations. If there is no possibility of harvesting wood in summer, in order to limit the workload of workers during winter activity, attention should be paid to the proper organization of work and selection of workers. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2022;35(4)437-47.