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The mean operating time was 79.7 min (range 65-95 min), estimated blood loss was 75 mL and the mean hospital stay was 4 days (range 2-6 days).<br />The first case of GH was described in 1746. Since then, few cases have been described in the literature. A radiological definition, is the occupation of the hemi-abdomen by the kidney with a midline cross which is the height of five vertebral bodies. GH may be congenital or acquired. The most common presentation of GH is abdominal distention followed by fever and flank pain.<br />When nephrectomy is indicated in giant hydronephrosis, the laparoscopic trans-peritoneal approach is feasible. Pre-operative decompression using a nephrostomy tube and suspension stitch use facilitate the surgery.<br />When nephrectomy is indicated in giant hydronephrosis, the laparoscopic trans-peritoneal approach is feasible. Pre-operative decompression using a nephrostomy tube and suspension stitch use facilitate the surgery.<br />This case is of a patient with a recurrent giant retroperitoneal liposarcoma, followed-up and operated multiple times over 10 years. We report this case because of its rarity and review all previous articles reporting "Giant Retroperitoneal Liposarcoma" in the English literature.<br />A 70 years old man presented to our clinic for dizziness and fatigue. He was incidentally found to have a large retroperitoneal mass filling all the length of the abdominal cavity and shifting all intraabdominal viscera and kidney to the left side. En bloc excision of a 50 × 30 × 18 cm, 9 kg tumor was performed. Final pathology revealed a well-differentiated liposarcoma. Five years later, the patient was reoperated for recurrence and a well-differentiated liposarcoma was excised in 2 pieces (the biggest measuring 14 × 11 × 7 cm) along with the appendix. Four years later the patient was operated on again for a second recurrence, and again a well-differentiated liposarcoma (16 × 10 × 7 cm) extending into the right inguinal canal was excised. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/tp-1454.html TP-1454 chemical structure] One year thereafter, the patient was diagnosed with a third recurrence (22 × 12 cm).<br />Retroperitoneal Liposarcomas are rare tumors, presenting with different histological differentiation. They are diagnosed using multiple imaging modality, mainly CT scan, and it is confirmed by percutaneous large core needle biopsy. R0 Surgical excision remains the proper treatment for non-metastatic tumors, which may necessicate multiorgan resection. They rarely grow to reach a large size and be labled as "Giant Retroperitoneal Liposarcoma".<br />Retroperitoneal Liposarcomas are rare tumors, presenting with different histological differentiation. They are diagnosed using multiple imaging modality, mainly CT scan, and it is confirmed by percutaneous large core needle biopsy. R0 Surgical excision remains the proper treatment for non-metastatic tumors, which may necessicate multiorgan resection. They rarely grow to reach a large size and be labled as "Giant Retroperitoneal Liposarcoma".<br />Neurological deficits complicating the correction of spinal deformity usually occur acutely during surgery or immediately after surgery. Absorbable gelatin sponges have been used to control bleeding and prevent undesired event during and after spinal surgery since more than 50 years ago. However, its potency of osmotic expansion within an enclosed space containing neural tissue can cause compression of the spinal cord. We presented a rare, early-onset postoperative neurological deficit caused by the use of absorbable gelatin sponge.<br />A 27 years old female patient with kyphosis of thoracolumbal vertebrae at the level of Th 10 - L2 presented with neurologic deficit gradually started 24 h after the posterior vertebrae column resection (PVCR), laminectomies, and Smith Peterson (SPO) osteotomy procedure of severe fixed kyphosis correction of deformity in thoracolumbar area.<br />Immediate surgical exploration within 24 h was performed with the duration of surgery of 1 h. Hematoma and retained sponge were found witation.<br />Splenic abscess generally occurs through hematogenous spread and typically follows endocarditis or seeding from contiguous sites of infection. This can be complicated by empyema thoracis. We present a rarer case of chronic alcoholic with splenic abscess along with empyema thoracis.<br />A 39-year old alcoholic male presented with history of pain at left hypochondrium and difficulty breathing for 7 days. Abdominal examination revealed tenderness at left hypochondrium along with enlarged spleen and liver associated with decreased air entry of left chest. Chest X-ray showed complete white out lung field on left side. Contrast enhanced tomography abdomen and pelvis revealed splenic abscess involving lower pole of spleen along with peri splenic extension. Tube thoracostomy drainage on left chest was done followed by ultrasonography guided repeated aspiration of splenic entity. Pus culture sensitivity showed growth of Streptococcus pyogenes while splenic aspirate remained sterile. Patient got discharged on 8th day of admission with full recovery.<br />Splenic abscess is the rare entity which is commonly seen in immunocompromised individuals that might get complicated as empyema thoracis and management includes broad spectrum antibiotics along with tube thoracostomy and percutaneous drainage of splenic abscess if possible, in view of spleen being salvageable. Pleural collection revealed growth of Streptococcus pyogenes in our case which itself is the rare finding.<br />Splenic abscess can be managed with percutaneous aspiration/drainage if lesion is unilocular in the view of salvaging spleen. Complicated empyema can be managed with tube thoracostomy along with broad spectrum antibiotics.<br />Splenic abscess can be managed with percutaneous aspiration/drainage if lesion is unilocular in the view of salvaging spleen. Complicated empyema can be managed with tube thoracostomy along with broad spectrum antibiotics.<br />This is a case report that presents an unusual case of Polysplenia Syndrome (PSP) undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). This kind of presentation would be of interest to general surgeons who perform bariatric surgery.<br />The case presented is a 28-year-old female patient who was not a known case of Polysplenia Syndrome. During the patients' pre-operative assessment, physical examination was done and a type of heterotaxy syndrome was suspected upon palpation of the stomach. Therefore, Computed Tomography (CT) imaging was performed which confirmed PSP. She underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy due to her morbid obesity, as her Body Mass Index (BMI) was 40.8 kg/m<br />. Post-operatively, water soluble contrast study was performed to rule out leak and the patient had uneventful follow-up.<br />The surgical approach of such patients is somewhat similar to those with situs solitus; however, the performing surgeon must take into consideration the anatomical orientation. Proper assessment of such patients prior to surgery with history, full physical examination, and fitting imaging modalities is essential.