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Psychiatric diagnoses, other than substance-related disorders, were reported in as many patients, and almost all patients experienced withdrawal symptoms when PRG was discontinued. Conclusion Current literature suggests an important and growing concern for the abuse of PRG. Male sex, psychiatric and/or addiction history, including opioid addiction, may be potential risk factors for the development of addictive behaviours associated with PRG.Objectives The sudden changes of healthcare system due to COVID-19 particularly affect the organization of psychiatry. The objective of this review is to examine the adaptations of psychiatric care in France during this pandemic. Method This narrative review is based on the observation of changes made in French psychiatric hospitals and on an analysis of the literature. Results Regarding psychiatric hospitalization, the COVID-19 epidemic required rapid measures that profoundly modified the conditions of patients' reception, forcing the medical staffs to adapt their methods of care. The authors noted the creation of at least 89 wards specifically dedicated to patients with COVID-19 needing psychiatric hospitalization, allowing dual care of general medicine and psychiatry. Regarding ambulatory care, maintaining patients with long-term follow-up was a priority. Patients recalling and teleconsultation have been precious resources but cannot entirely replace face-to-face consultations. Discussion COVID-19 epidemic created unprecedented situation of large-scale upheavals in the healthcare system and in society. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/SGI-1776.html SGI-1776 solubility dmso] Despite the absence of previous recommendations on the subject, French psychiatry has shown great adaptability. Some changes could inspire post-COVID-19 care.Infection of novel Coronavirus has been declared pandemic by the WHO and now is a world public health crisis. Laboratory activity becames essential for the timely diagnosis. Few parameters, such Lymphocytes count, SaO2 and CRP serum level can be used to assess the severity of COVID-19 in emergency room.Minimal invasive surgery and reconstructive surgery tend to become the standard in France in the management of head and neck tumors. The use of endoscopic approaches (through endoscopic endonasal/transoral approaches±robot-assisted) instead of open surgery and the use of reconstructive surgery using autologous (flaps) or heterologous materials aim to reduce surgical morbidity by making-up for the loss of substance to restore the function. The impact of these substantial changes in surgical techniques has not been assessed with respect to postoperative radiotherapy practice. Endoscopic endonasal approaches result, however, in piecemeal resection, which, along the analysis of resection margins (a key prognostic factor), make the interpretation of the quality of resection more complex for radiation oncologists. The definition of tumour sub-volumes to be irradiated and doses to these sub-volumes then requires accurate histosurgical mapping and close multidisciplinary consultation between surgeons, pathologists, radiologists and radiation oncologists. Similarly, the increasing use of various types of flaps (of soft tissue or bone flaps), adapted to the patient and tumor anatomy, is associated with substantial modifications to the operating bed. The delineation of tumour volumes in postoperative radiotherapy is made more complex. Tremendous multidisciplinary efforts should now be initiated to fully take advantage of surgical advances and to further optimize the therapeutic index by making radiotherapy also less toxic, i.e. "mini-morbid".Purpose To retrospectively compare the outcomes of radiofrequency (RF) ablation, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), and sublobar resection (SLR) in patients with stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at a single center. Materials and methods Overall, 289 patients (38 RF ablation, 58 SBRT, and 193 SLR) were included. Kaplan-Meier curves were generated, multiple propensity score was estimated using a multinomial logistic regression model, and relationships between treatments and outcomes were assessed using a Cox proportional hazard model. Hazard ratios (HRs) for death from any cause and disease progression or death from any cause were examined by a crude model, an inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) model, and an IPTW model adjusted for missing variables. Results The 5-year overall and progression-free survival rates were 58.9% and 39.9%, respectively, for RF ablation; 42.0% and 34.9%, respectively, for SBRT; and 85.5% and 75.9%, respectively, for SLR. Significantly longer survival time and lower HR were observed for SLR than other treatments. However, after statistical adjustment, these relationships were not significant except for reduced HR of disease progression or death from any cause of SLR compared to RF ablation in the IPTW model. The median hospital stays for RF ablation, SBRT, and SLR were 6.5, 6, and 16 days, respectively. Adverse events of grade 3 or higher occurred only in 11 SLR cases. Conclusions SLR achieved the longest survival. However, after statistical adjustment, there were no significant outcome differences among RF ablation, SBRT, and SLR, except for 1 model. RF ablation or SBRT may be alternative treatments for selected patients with early-stage NSCLC.The global coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic poses an unprecedented stress on healthcare systems internationally. These Health system-wide demands call for efficient utilisation of resources at this time in a fair, consistent, ethical and efficient manner would improve our ability to treat patients. Excellent co-operation between hospital units (especially intensive care unit [ICU], emergency department [ED] and cardiology) is critical in ensuring optimal patient outcomes. The purpose of this document is to provide practical guidelines for the effective use of interventional cardiology services in Australia and New Zealand. The document will be updated regularly as new evidence and knowledge is gained with time. Goals1.Efficient use of resources (including staff, personal protective equipment [PPE])2.Direct interventional cardiology use towards the highest yield use of hospital capacity3.Minimise adverse patient outcomes4.Minimise risk to healthcare workers. Considerations1.Fibrinolysis may be considered (or even preferred) in ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) reperfusion in hospitals even with catheter laboratories2.