Lobar croupous pneumonia old and new data

However, NT-proBNP/BNP in plasma is easily affected by many factors such as age, sex, body type, left ventricular hypertrophy, tachycardia, right ventricular overload, hypoxemia, and kidney function. As a novel marker of heart failure, sST2 has attracted much attention in recent years. It can reflect the degree of myocardial fibrosis and predict whether ventricular remodeling will occur. It is worth noting that sST2 is not affected by age, gender and renal function and other factors. Also, with low reference change values and individuality index values, sST2 seems to be the best candidate for monitoring and guided therapy. In short, sST2 is one of the ideal indicators to evaluate heart failure. This review summarizes the research progress of sST2 in the diagnosis and prognosis of heart failure in recent years, and provides perspectives for its future development.Toll like receptors (TLRs) are pattern recognition receptors and represent immune receptors in innate immunity. They are very conservative in evolution and extremely important for the survival of organisms. TLRs initiate signal transduction through binding of endogenous or exogenous ligands to activate a series of downstream important gene expression and activation. TAK580 Studies have shown that regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a central role in maintaining peripheral immune tolerance and preventing transplant rejection. Tregs express certain TLRs, including TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9. Activation of TLRs may directly or indirectly affect (mainly activate) Treg proliferation and immunosuppressive functions, and this regulation is closely related to the occurrence of infection, autoimmune disease and cancer. The heat shock proteins as TLRs ligand molecules play important roles in the regulation of Treg. Therefore, understanding regulatory mechanisms of TLR pathways on Tregs is of great significance for new drug development and targeted therapy. This review introduces how TLR-mediated pathways regulate Tregs' immune function.There are many records about the plant origin of Cortex Erythrinae in the past dynasties, but the descriptions were simple and there are many varieties used in different places, which leads to the confusion of Cortex Erythrinae commodities.It is necessary to make a thorough textual research on this herb to get the accurate origin and standardize the use of Cortex Erythrinae. In this paper, according to the plant morphological characteristics, producing areas, habitat, attached drawings of medicinal materials and efficacy, we have made a detailed research on Cortex Erythrinae recorded in the past dynasties. It is concluded that the authentic Cortex Erythrinae contained in the past dynasties should be the dry bark of Bombax malabaricum, which also named as Guanghaitongpi collected in the current local standards of Guangdong province and it is still in use today.The dry bark of Erythrina varlegata var. orientalis and E. arborescens recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia in 1977 should be "Citong" in ancient times. In this paper, based on the systematic and detailed summary of the origin changes, producing area changes and quality evaluation of Cortex Erythrinae, the basis for the correct use of Cortex Erythrinae and the further development and utilization of resources was provided."Shengdeng" is a traditional Tibetan medicine, which has many synonyms. It is complex in origin and serious in mi-xing. In order to clarify the origin of "Shengdeng" and its medicinal use, this paper makes a textual research on the name, variety and efficacy of "Shengdeng" by consulting Tibetan medicine classics such as The Four Medical Trantras and Jingzhu Materia Medica, combined with modern literature of Tibetan medicine. It is clear that the synonyms, primitive species, mainstream varieties and functions of Tibetan medicine "Shengdeng". The collation and analysis of the literature shows that "Shengdeng" has effects of treating rheumatism, drying "Huangshui", detumescence and relieving pain, and is mainly used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in Tibetan medicine. Its original varieties include 14 species of plants belonging to 6 families Spicaceae, Rhamnaceae, Cephalotaxus, Leguminosae, Hematoxylaceae and Taxaceae. Combined with the collection of legal standards at all levels, the distribution of resources and the application of clinical prescriptions, it is considered that the mainstream species of "Shengdeng" are Rhamnella gilgitica, Xanthoceras sorbifolia, Rhamnus parvifolia. As a substitute, Acacia catechu is also widely used in clinic. The literature review and variety textual research on Tibetan medicine "Shengdeng" is helpful to improve the safety, effectiveness and quality controllability of its clinical application, and provide scientific basis for its further standard setting, pharmacodynamics research, new drug development and so on.In this study, the ancient doctors' concentrated prescriptions for arthralgia syndrome were collected and Lantern 3.2 software was used to construct and analyze the latent structure model of ancient arthralgia syndrome. A total of 10 syndrome types of ancient arthralgia syndrome were obtained, namely, cold-coagulation meridian syndrome(partial Yang deficiency), cold-dampness obstruction syndrome(cold weight), damp-heat obstruction syndrome, liver and kidney deficiency syndrome, essence deficiency syndrome, phlegm and blood stasis syndrome, spleen and stomach Qi deficiency syndrome, dampness evil accumulation syndrome, arthralgia meridian syndrome, cold-dampness binding lung syndrome, meridian obstruction syndrome, and wind-cold-dampness arthralgia syndrome(both wind-cold and dampness). This syndrome differentiation method further strengthened the thought on eight-class syndrome differentiation, and showed the characteristics of different syndrome differentiation types of the core drugs in the latent structuredrug use and compatibility law provide a new way for clinical syndrome differentiation and treatment, with certain reference value for the research and development of new Chinese patent medicines.