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Much higher current densities can be obtained using the proposed technique as the anodic process of ferrous iron oxidation is decoupled from the carbon oxidation process. The CO2 production rate achieved in this study was up to 98% of a stoichiometric value proposed for the iron-mediated carbon-assisted water electrolysis process.Pressure always plays an important role in influencing the structure configuration and electronic properties of materials. Here, combining density function theory and structure prediction algorithm, we systematically studied the Mg3Sb2 system from its phase transition to thermodynamic and electronic properties under high pressure. We find that two novel phases, namely Cm and C2/m, are stable under high pressure. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bay-2666605.html Calculation results of phonon dispersions showed that both novel phases have no imaginary frequency, which indicates that the novel phases are thermodynamically stable. Due to the larger ionic radius of Sb compared to N, P, and As elements, the Mg3Sb2 compound shows a different electronic property at high pressure. The electronic calculations show that the novel phases of Cm and C2/m of Mg3Sb2 possess metallic behavior under high pressure. These results provide new insights for understanding the Mg3Sb2 compound.Plasma-assisted combustion is a promising approach to achieve fast ignition and highly efficient combustion. In this work, methane-air nanosecond pulsed dielectric barrier discharge plasma-assisted combustion is numerically investigated by combining a homemade plasma model with the combustion model of software CHEMKIN-PRO. Effects of varying applied voltage amplitudes on the characteristic parameters of the plasma-assisted planar shear flow combustion as well as the reaction pathway maps of not only the nanosecond pulsed dielectric barrier discharge plasma but also the combustions without and with plasma assistance are systematically illustrated and analyzed. The simulation results indicate that under the combined action of increasing electric field intensity and increasing charged particle densities, the peak value of the discharge current density increases, and the peak time of the discharge current density is brought forward with the increase of the applied voltage amplitude. The temperature reaches its peak value earlier in the methane-air combustion with plasma assistance than without plasma assistance. The maximum temperature reduces to around 1900 K when the applied voltage amplitude is higher than 11 kV. There are emerging pathways to generate hydrocarbons C2H4 and C2H2 in the plasma-assisted combustion, the reactions of CH4 on CH and C2H on H2, respectively. The reactions involving active species such as H play a significant role in the plasma-assisted combustion, which causes an obvious decrease in the densities of these active species with plasma assistance.Interactions between hydrated Ce3+ and various carboxylates are of fundamental interest. Anomalously strong interactions with Ce3+ occur when diglycolic acid (DGA) is added into a Ce3+ aqueous solution, unlike various other carboxylic acids. Herein, the complex-formation constants of Ce3+ with these acids are evaluated via absorption and emission spectra. Hydrated Ce3+ emits fluorescence with unity quantum yield; however, addition of various carboxylates statically quenches the fluorescence when Ce3+-carboxylate complexes form because the fluorescence lifetime is constant irrespective of the carboxylate concentration. In the observed static quenching, the complex-formation constants obtained from the absorption and emission spectra (Kabs and Kem) agree well. The binding of Ce3+ by the conjugate Lewis bases, i.e., carboxylates, is approximately inversely proportional to the pH. Adding DGA into the system also statically quenches the fluorescence, but far more efficiently, even in a much weaker solution. We rigorously deduce Kabs and Kem of Ce3+ with DGA without any approximation using comparable concentrations. Careful fittings provide equivalent Kem and Kabs values, and by varying the pH and ionic strength, we confirm that this equivalence is an inherent property of the Ce3+-DGA system. The Lewis acid-base theory cannot explain why DGA binds to Ce3+ ∼1000 times more strongly than the other carboxylates. This anomalously strong binding may be due to a chelate effect caused by the DGA's central oxygen atom, which forms a five-membered ring with the conjugate Lewis bases of DGA; double chelate rings can also form, while bis-deprotonated DGA binds to Ce3+, facilitated by the central oxygen. Therefore, DGA enables efficient quenching through the chelate effect when it binds to Ce3+.Using first-principles theory, this paper investigates the sensing behavior of the Ru-doped PtSe2 (Ru-PtSe2) monolayer for two dominant gases, namely, H2 and C2H2, in the transformer oil to explore its potential as a gas sensor to evaluate the operation status of the electrical transformers. Ru-doping prefers to go through the S1 site with the largest Eb of -3.71 eV. Chemisorption is identified in the H2 and C2H2 systems with Ead obtained as -0.83 and - 2.09 eV, respectively, indicating the stronger performance of the Ru-PtSe2 monolayer upon C2H2 adsorption. Meanwhile, the obvious improvement of bandgap in the C2H2 system suggests the potential of Ru-PtSe2 monolayer as a resistance-type gas sensor for C2H2 detection. Moreover, the applied biaxial strains ranging at 1-5% give rise to various QT and Eg in two systems, indicating the tunable sensing response of the Ru-PtSe2 monolayer for gas detection with modulated strains. Our calculation proposes a novel 2D sensing material for H2 and C2H2 detection, which would be beneficial to stimulate more edge-cutting research in the gas sensing field as well.Using a pulsed-beam transmission electron microscope, we discover a reduction in damage to methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) as compared to conventional beams delivered at the same dose rates. For rates as low as 0.001 e·Å-2·s-1, we find up to a 17% reduction in damage at a total dose of 10 e·Å-2. We systematically study the effects of number of electrons in each pulse and the duration between pulse arrival. Damage increases for both, though the number of electrons per pulse has a larger effect. A crossover is identified, where a pulsed beam causes more damage than a conventional one. Although qualitatively similar to previous findings, the degree to which damage is reduced in MAPbI3 is less than that observed for other materials (e.g., C36H74), supporting the hypothesis that the effects are material- and damage-mechanism-dependent. Despite this, the observation here of damage reduction for relatively large electron packets (up to 200 electrons per pulse) suggests that MAPbI3 is in fact less susceptible to irradiation than C36H74, which may be related to reported self-healing effects.