Drug repurposing strategies of meaning for Parkinsons condition

To determine whether magnetoencephalography (MEG) can identify epileptiform discharges mimicking small sharp spikes (SSSs) on scalp electroencephalography (EEG) in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).
We retrospectively reviewed simultaneous scalp EEG and MEG recordings of 83 consecutive patients with TLE and 49 with extra-TLE (ETLE).
SSSs in scalp EEG were detected in 15 (18.1%) of 83 TLE patients compared to only two (4.1%) of 49 ETLE patients (p=0.029). Five of the 15 TLE patients had MEG spikes with concurrent SSSs in EEG, but neither of the 2 ETLE patients. Three of these 5 TLE patients had additional interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) in EEG and MEG. Equivalent current dipoles (ECDs) of MEG spikes with concurrent SSSs and IEDs showed no difference in temporal lobe localization and horizontal orientation, whereas ECD moments were smaller in MEG spikes with concurrent SSSs than those with IEDs.
SSSs were more common in TLE than in ETLE. At least some morphologically diagnosed SSSs are true but low-amplitude epileptiform discharges in TLE which can be identified with simultaneous MEG.
Simultaneous MEG is useful to identify epileptiform discharges mimicking SSSs in patients with TLE.
Simultaneous MEG is useful to identify epileptiform discharges mimicking SSSs in patients with TLE.
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is associated with glutamatergic alterations, including the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R). The NMDA-R plays an important role in synaptic plasticity, and individuals with MDD have been shown to have impairments in repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) motor plasticity. Here, we test whether D-cycloserine, a NMDA-R partial agonist, can rescue TMS motor plasticity in MDD.
We conducted randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover studies in healthy (n=12) and MDD (n=12) participants. We stimulated motor cortex using TMS intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) with placebo or D-cycloserine (100mg). Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were sampled before and after iTBS. Stimulus response curves (SRC) were characterized at baseline, +90 minutes, and the following day.
Acute iTBS MEP facilitation is reduced in MDD and is not rescued by D-cycloserine. After iTBS, SRCs shift to indicate sustained decrease in excitability in healthy participants, yet increased in excitability in MDD participants. D-cycloserine normalized SRC changes from baseline to the following day in MDD participants. In both healthy and MDD participants, D-cycloserine stabilized changes in SRC.
MDD is associated with alterations in motor plasticity that are rescued and stabilized by NMDA-R agonism.
Agonism of NMDA receptors rescues iTBS motor plasticity in MDD.
Agonism of NMDA receptors rescues iTBS motor plasticity in MDD.Since the term Stimulus-Induced Rhythmic, Periodic, or Ictal Discharges (SIRPIDs) was introduced into the vocabulary of electrophysiologists/neurologists, there has been an ongoing debate about its significance, as well as its correlation with outcomes. SIRPIDs are frequently seen in patients who are critically ill from various causes. The literature reflects the findings of triphasic morphology, with the generalized periodic discharge (GPD) classification in many patients with SIRPIDs toxic/metabolic encephalopathies, septic, and hypoxemic/hypercapnic encephalopathies, but also sharp periodic complexes in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and advanced Alzheimer's disease. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/AZD1480.html In these settings, GPDs disappear when patients fall asleep and reappear when patients spontaneously wake up, or are awoken by an external stimulus, or sometimes because of a respiratory event, with the possibility of the appearance of GPDs with a cyclic alternating pattern. SIRPIDs may be seen as a transitional pattern between sleep and waking states, corresponding to a postarousal/awakening phenomenon. As SIRPIDs are a transient phenomenon and can usually be recorded repeatedly with each stimulation, the word "Ictal" could be replaced by "Intermittent" Stimulus-Induced Rhythmic or Periodic Intermittent Discharges. However, considering that SIRPIDs may be "potentially ictal" or on an "ictal-interictal continuum" in some situations, the "plus" modifier may be added SIRPIDs-plus.
Body composition can have important influence on surgical outcome. There is substantial literature examining sarcopenia, however much less in known about the impact of fat. Visceral fat area (VFA) is a reliable measures of fat distribution that can be quantified with CT scan. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of VFA to predict complications and mortality after emergent or elective surgery.
A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed in accordance with the Preferred.
A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed in accordance with the Preferred.
Intestinal ischemia causes an inflammatory response that may become intense by reperfusion and result in bacterial translocation. Intestinal immunoglobulin A is known to be a barrier against bacterial translocation. Lycopene is a compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We hypothesized that lycopene has positive effects in ischemia-reperfusion of the intestine through the intestinal IgA.
Twenty-eight Wistar albino rats were separated into four groups sham, control, lycopene-administered-before-ischemia (L-pre), and lycopene-administered-after-reperfusion groups. Histopathologic changes, intestinal immunoglobulin A levels, and bacterial translocation were evaluated after the ischemia-reperfusion period of 0.5-12 h.
Histopathologic changes, intestinal immunoglobulin A, and bacterial translocation levels in the L-pre group were similar to those in the sham group. Administration of the lycopene after reperfusion showed just a slight protective effect. However, the L-pre group had significantly fewer histopathologic changes when compared with changes in the control (P=0.011). Intestinal immunoglobulin A level in the L-pre group was found to be higher than that in the control group (P=0.014). Bacterial translocation levels in the blood and mesenteric lymph nodes, in the L-pre group, were lower than those in the control group (P=0.0027 and P=0.0097, respectively).
Lycopene limited intestinal damage, reduced loss of intestinal immunoglobulin A and decreased bacterial translocation when administered before the ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Lycopene limited intestinal damage, reduced loss of intestinal immunoglobulin A and decreased bacterial translocation when administered before the ischemia-reperfusion injury.