Generalist hen displays sitedependent resource selection

The piezoelectric procedure resulted in a significantly longer procedural duration compared to the rotatory surgery (
<0.001).
Piezoelectric surgery is considered a viable alternative technique compared to the conventional rotary systems and can improve a patient's quality of life. Thus, piezoelectric surgery might be a preferred modality for patients undergoing complicated surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars.
Piezoelectric surgery is considered a viable alternative technique compared to the conventional rotary systems and can improve a patient's quality of life. Thus, piezoelectric surgery might be a preferred modality for patients undergoing complicated surgical extraction of impacted lower third molars.
This systematic review aims to assess the efficacy chlorhexidine chip as an adjunctive therapy of scaling and root planning on periodontal disease treatment.
This study follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PRISMA) and was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42019148221). The search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane databases until April 2020. The PICO question was "Is the chlorhexidine chip (CHX) effective as an adjunctive therapy of scaling and root planning on periodontal disease treatment?". Inclusion criteria involved randomized controlled clinical trials, with a minimum of 15 patients included on the sample and each patient has two sites of probing depth of ≥5mm; The minimum follow up was at least 1months of follow-up and the outcomes present in the studies probing depth (PD), plaque index (PI) and clinical attachment level (CAL) after scaling and root planning (SRP).
After searching the databases, 13 articles were selected for qualitative and 8 for quantitative analysis. Were included 427 patients, with a mean age of 45.6years. The results shown that the association of chlorhexidine chips to scaling and root planning reduce periodontal pocket depths (
<0.00001; MD -0.77 [CI -1.0 to -0.55]; I
=23%,
=0.24), gain on the clinical attachment level (
<0.0001; MD -0.57 [CI -0.86 to -0.27]; I
=33%, P=0.18P<0.0001) and reduction on plaque index (P=0.04; MD -0.23 [CI -0.45 to -0.01]; I
=91%, P<0.00001).
Thus, we can conclude that chlorhexidine chip when used associated to scaling and root planning promoted a significant improvement the reduction of periodontal diseases.
Thus, we can conclude that chlorhexidine chip when used associated to scaling and root planning promoted a significant improvement the reduction of periodontal diseases.The water-gas shift (WGS) reaction is an industrially important source of pure hydrogen (H2) at the expense of carbon monoxide and water1,2. This reaction is of interest for fuel-cell applications, but requires WGS catalysts that are durable and highly active at low temperatures3. Here we demonstrate that the structure (Pt1-Ptn)/α-MoC, where isolated platinum atoms (Pt1) and subnanometre platinum clusters (Ptn) are stabilized on α-molybdenum carbide (α-MoC), catalyses the WGS reaction even at 313 kelvin, with a hydrogen-production pathway involving direct carbon monoxide dissociation identified. We find that it is critical to crowd the α-MoC surface with Pt1 and Ptn species, which prevents oxidation of the support that would cause catalyst deactivation, as seen with gold/α-MoC (ref. 4), and gives our system high stability and a high metal-normalized turnover number of 4,300,000 moles of hydrogen per mole of platinum. We anticipate that the strategy demonstrated here will be pivotal for the design of highly active and stable catalysts for effective activation of important molecules such as water and carbon monoxide for energy production.Metamaterials are designed to realize exotic physical properties through the geometric arrangement of their underlying structural layout1,2. Traditional mechanical metamaterials achieve functionalities such as a target Poisson's ratio3 or shape transformation4-6 through unit-cell optimization7-9, often with spatial heterogeneity10-12. These functionalities are programmed into the layout of the metamaterial in a way that cannot be altered. Although recent efforts have produced means of tuning such properties post-fabrication13-19, they have not demonstrated mechanical reprogrammability analogous to that of digital devices, such as hard disk drives, in which each unit can be written to or read from in real time as required. Here we overcome this challenge by using a design framework for a tileable mechanical metamaterial with stable memory at the unit-cell level. Our design comprises an array of physical binary elements (m-bits), analogous to digital bits, with clearly delineated writing and reading phases. Each m-bit can be independently and reversibly switched between two stable states (acting as memory) using magnetic actuation to move between the equilibria of a bistable shell20-25. Under deformation, each state is associated with a distinctly different mechanical response that is fully elastic and can be reversibly cycled until the system is reprogrammed. Encoding a set of binary instructions onto the tiled array yields markedly different mechanical properties; specifically, the stiffness and strength can be made to range over an order of magnitude. We expect that the stable memory and on-demand reprogrammability of mechanical properties in this design paradigm will facilitate the development of advanced forms of mechanical metamaterials.Most natural and artificial materials have crystalline structures from which abundant topological phases emerge1-6. However, the bulk-edge correspondence-which has been widely used in experiments to determine the band topology from edge properties-is inadequate in discerning various topological crystalline phases7-16, leading to challenges in the experimental classification of the large family of topological crystalline materials4-6. It has been theoretically predicted that disclinations-ubiquitous crystallographic defects-can provide an effective probe of crystalline topology beyond edges17-19, but this has not yet been confirmed in experiments. Here we report an experimental demonstration of bulk-disclination correspondence, which manifests as fractional spectral charge and robust bound states at the disclinations. XL765 concentration The fractional disclination charge originates from the symmetry-protected bulk charge patterns-a fundamental property of many topological crystalline insulators (TCIs). Furthermore, the robust bound states at disclinations emerge as a secondary, but directly observable, property of TCIs.