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Phenazopyridine severe skin changes are hardly reported. We described a case who experienced severe skin reactions and ulcers following phenazopyridine use not related to other complications including renal dysfunction, methemoglobinemia, and hemolytic anemia.
Phenazopyridine severe skin changes are hardly reported. We described a case who experienced severe skin reactions and ulcers following phenazopyridine use not related to other complications including renal dysfunction, methemoglobinemia, and hemolytic anemia.
To investigate the prevalence of post coronavirus disease (COVID-19) condition of the Omicron variant in comparison to other strains.
A single-center cross-sectional study.
Patients who recovered from Omicron COVID-19 infection (Omicron group) were interviewed via telephone, and patients infected with other strains (control group) were surveyed via a self-reporting questionnaire. Data on patients' characteristics, information regarding the acute-phase COVID-19, as well as presence and duration of COVID-19-related symptoms were obtained. Post COVID-19 condition in this study was defined as a symptom that lasted for at least 2 months, within 3 months of COVID-19 onset. We investigated and compared the prevalence of post COVID-19 condition in both groups after performing propensity score matching.
We conducted interviews for 53 out of 128 patients with Omicron and obtained 502 responses in the control group. After matching cases with controls, 18 patients from both groups had improved covariate balance of the factors older adult, female sex, obesity, and vaccination status. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of each post COVID-19 condition between the two groups. The number of patients with at least one post COVID-19 condition in the Omicron and control groups were 1 (5.6%) and 10 (55.6%) (p=0.003), respectively.
The prevalence of post Omicron COVID-19 conditions was less than that of the other strains. Further research with a larger sample size is needed to investigate the precise epidemiology of post COVID-19 condition of Omicron, and its impact on health-related quality of life and social productivity.
The prevalence of post Omicron COVID-19 conditions was less than that of the other strains. Further research with a larger sample size is needed to investigate the precise epidemiology of post COVID-19 condition of Omicron, and its impact on health-related quality of life and social productivity.
Information regarding the clinical manifestations and outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children under the Omicron variant predominant period is still limited.
A nationwide retrospective cohort study was conducted. Pediatric COVID-19 patients (<18 years of age) hospitalized between August 1, 2021 and March 31, 2022 were enrolled. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics between the Delta variant predominant period (August 1 to December 31, 2021) and the Omicron variant predominant period (January 1 to March 31, 2022) were compared.
During the study period, 458 cases in the Delta predominant period and 389 cases in the Omicron predominant period were identified. Median age was younger (6.0 vs. 8.0 years, P=0.004) and underlying diseases were more common (n=65, 16.7% vs. n=53, 11.6%) in the Omicron predominant period than those in the Delta variant predominant era. For clinical manifestations, fever ≥38.0°C at 2 to <13 years old, sore throat at ≥ 13 years, and seizures at 2 to <13 years old were more commonly observed, and dysgeusia and olfactory dysfunction at ≥ 6 years old were less commonly observed in the Omicron variant predominant period. The number of patients requiring noninvasive oxygen support was higher in the Omicron predominant period than that in the Delta predominant period; however, intensive care unit admission rates were similar and no patients died in both periods.
In the Omicron variant predominant period, more pediatric COVID-19 patients experienced fever and seizures, although the overall outcomes were still favorable.
In the Omicron variant predominant period, more pediatric COVID-19 patients experienced fever and seizures, although the overall outcomes were still favorable.
In Japan, the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) in children has decreased vaccine-type (VT) pneumococcal infections caused by penicillin (PEN)-non-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae. PEN-non-susceptible strains have gradually emerged among non-vaccine types (NVT). In this study, we aim to investigate the pbp gene mutations and the characteristics of PEN-binding proteins (PBPs) that mediate PEN resistance in NVT strains.
Pneumococcal 41 strains of NVT isolated from patients with invasive pneumococcal infection were randomly selected. Nucleotide sequences for pbp genes encoding PBP1A, PBP2X, and PBP2B were analyzed, and amino acid (AA) substitutions that contribute to β-lactam resistance were identified. In addition, the three-dimensional (3D) structure of abnormal PBPs in the resistant strain was compared with that of a reference R6 strain via homology modeling.
In PEN-non-susceptible NVT strains, Thr to Ala or Ser substitutions in the conserved AA motif (STMK) were important in PBP1A and PBP2X. In PBP2B, substitutions from Thr to Ala, adjacent to the SSN motif, and from Glu to Gly were essential. The 3D structure modeling indicated that AA substitutions are characterized by accumulation around the enzymatic active pocket in PBPs. Many AA substitutions detected throughout the PBP domains were not associated with resistance, except for AA substitutions in or adjacent to AA motifs. Clonal complexes and sequence types showed that almost all NVT cases originated in other countries and spread to Japan via repeat mutations.
NVT with diverse AA substitutions increased gradually with pressure from both antimicrobial agents and vaccines.
NVT with diverse AA substitutions increased gradually with pressure from both antimicrobial agents and vaccines.
To qualify and quantify the changes in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signals in the extensor tendons after arthroscopic debridement for lateral epicondylitis and evaluate the association between MRI findings and temporal clinical results by comparisons between recovered and unrecovered cases.
Thirty-four patients with refractory lateral epicondylitis treated with arthroscopic debridement were divided into recovered (n= 24) and unrecovered (n= 10) groups according to the Japanese Orthopaedic Association-Japan Elbow Society score. Vevorisertib datasheet This study included any patients who underwent both the pre- and postoperative MRI and excluded patients with a previous history of any elbow surgery. Pre- and postoperative MRI findings were qualitatively categorized into 4 grades, quantified by measuring the percentage of tendinopathy area, and compared between the groups.
Preoperatively, grading scores and percentages did not show significant differences between groups (P= .050 and .519). The respective numbers of patients with grades 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 1 (4%), 3 (13%), 10 (42%), and 10 (42%) in the recovered group; and 1 (10%), 2 (20%), 7 (70%), and 0 (0%) in the unrecovered group. The average percentages in the recovered and unrecovered groups were 42.3% (73.9 mm
/168.4 mm
); and 36.5% (50.5 mm
/131.0 mm
). However, postoperatively, they were significantly lower in the recovered group than in the unrecovered group (P= .007 and .014). The numbers and percentages in the recovered and unrecovered groups were 15 (63%), 8 (33%), 1 (4%), and 0 (0%) and 17.0% (28.6mm
/169.8mm
) and 2 (20%), 3 (30%), 5 (50%), and 0 (0%) and 30.5% (39.0 mm
/131.8 mm
).
Qualitative and quantitative MRI is useful for evaluating the progress of tendon healing after arthroscopic debridement. In the recovered and unrecovered groups, improvement of tendinopathy area were 60% versus 16%, indicating that postoperative MRI findings reflect clinical outcomes.
IV, case series with subgroup analysis.
IV, case series with subgroup analysis.Most dogs with immune mediated haemolytic anaemia (IMHA) are hypercoagulable, as measured by thromboelastography (TEG). Thromboelastography-platelet mapping (TEG-PM) has been used to assess platelet function in human patients treated with aspirin or clopidogrel. The aim of this study was to compare platelet thromboxane A2-receptor inhibition (TXA2-RI) and platelet adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-receptor inhibition (ADP-RI) as measured by TEG-PM in dogs with primary IMHA receiving aspirin or clopidogrel to determine if TEG-PM might be useful to monitor treatment. Eighteen client-owned dogs with IMHA were enroled in a prospective double blinded study. Dogs were randomised to receive aspirin or clopidogrel in addition to standard therapy. Thromboelastography was measured before, and 1 and 4 days after commencing treatment. Thromboelastography-PM was performed on days 1 and 4. Non-responders were defined as 0.05), and routine TEG was not reliable for monitoring treatment response in dogs with IMHA. In some dogs, there was a discrepancy between TEG-PM results and clinical response. Further investigation of TEG-PM use in dogs, including its usefulness to monitor treatment response and adjust treatment in individual dogs and any effect of anaemia, is warranted.The purpose of this study was to determine a method to purify recombinant hagfish intermediate filament proteins, alpha and gamma, in a scalable manner. The study succeeded by having an increase in protein recovery of up to 35% when comparing centrifuge purification and the developed tangential flow purification. The proteins were approximately the same purity of 70% pure but further purification increased the purity of the proteins by 16%, based on ImageJ analysis. The developed tangential flow filtration purification and final purification methods could be easily scaled up to meet industry scale purification needs. The scaled-up processes described in this study did not interfere with fiber production or formation, indicating the methods can produce usable proteins for material development.Acid stress caused by the accumulation of acidic metabolites severely affects the fermentation performance of lactic acid bacteria. In this study, to overcome the impact of acid stress during growth, nine membrane transporters were introduced in Lactococcus lactis NZ9000 to study their effects on acid tolerance. The engineered strains that overexpressed the metal ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters zitP (metal ABC transporter permease) and zitQ (metal ABC transporter ATP-binding protein) exhibited 14.5 and 9.5-fold higher survival rates, respectively, at pH 4.0 for 4 h than the control strain. During acid stress, the two recombinant strains maintained relatively higher ATP concentrations, i.e., 7.7- and 11.7-fold higher, respectively, than the control strain at pH 4.0 for 3 h. Subsequently, transcriptome analysis revealed that genes associated with ABC transporters, metal ion transport, transcriptional regulation, and stress response exhibited differentially expressed. The transcriptional level of ecfA2 gene (energy-coupling factor transporter ATPase) was substantially higher in L. lactis (ZitQ) during acid stress, and the ecfA2 gene was overexpressed in L. lactis. This recombinant strain L. lactis (EcfA2) exhibited a 598.7-fold higher survival rate than the control strain at pH 4.0 for 4 h. This study showed that the membrane transporters ZitP and ZitQ could increase acid tolerance and provided a strategy for constructing robust strains that can be used in food industry.