Racial Differences in COVID19 as well as Surplus Fatality rate throughout Mn

2, P = .07). Cronbach's alpha and test-retest correlation coefficient were .87 and .72, respectively. Students' MCPIS scores ranged from 15 to 54 with a median of 44 (in the possible range of 9-54). CONCLUSION The Persian MCPIS is a valid and reliable tool for PI assessment. Further studies are recommended to produce evidence supporting the validity and reliability of the scale. © Copyright 2020 Springer Publishing Company, LLC.BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE While nursing students' attitudes about research are generally positive, little is known about their attitudes toward education research. The purpose of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the newly developed Nursing Students' Attitudes toward Nursing Education Research Questionnaire (NSANERQ). METHODS The 25-item NSANERQ was adapted from an existing tool measuring nursing students' attitudes toward nursing research. Content and construct validity, and internal consistency and test-retest reliability were evaluated. Content validity was assessed using a panel of five experts. Internal consistency reliability and construct validity were assessed in a sample of 156 senior, junior, and sophomore baccalaureate nursing students with a mean age of 20.55 years. A separate sample of 49 freshmen baccalaureate nursing students with a mean age of 18.35 years was used to assess test-retest reliability. Both samples were predominantly female, White, and non-Hispanic/non-Latino. RESULTS The NSANERQ demonstrated excellent content validity (S-CVI = 0.92), good internal consistency reliability (α = .88), and acceptable test-retest reliability (r = 0.71) over 2 weeks. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a six-factor solution, which was confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis. CONCLUSIONS The NSANERQ is a valid and reliable instrument that can be used to measure students' attitudes toward nursing education research. © Copyright 2020 Springer Publishing Company, LLC.BACKGROUND Higher rates of depression, suicidal ideation and suicide risk have been reported for veterinarians in various studies worldwide. This study investigates whether this is also true for German veterinarians. METHODS A total of 3.118 veterinarians (78.8 per cent female, mean age 41.3 years) between 22 and 69 years were included and compared with two general population samples of the same age range using the Suicide Behaviours Questionnaire-Revised and Patient Health Questionnaire. RESULTS Current suicidal ideation was found in 19.2 per cent of veterinarians, compared with only 5.7 per cent in the general population. 32.11 per cent of veterinarians were classified with increased suicide risk, compared with 6.62 per cent in the general population. 27.78 per cent of veterinarians screened positive for depression, compared with 3.99 per cent of the general population. CONCLUSION The study shows that veterinarians have an increased risk of depression and suicidal ideation and suicide risk compared with the general population in Germany. Similar to previous findings, the level of depression was higher among veterinarians than in the general population. However, this study does not explore causes for higher rates in depression, suicide risk and suicidal ideation. Since other studies strongly suggest specific risk factors lead to higher suicide risk and consequently elevated numbers of completed suicides, future research should focus on identifying and preventing causes. © British Veterinary Association 2020. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.The R-package MoBPS provides a computationally efficient and flexible framework to simulate complex breeding programs and compare their economic and genetic impact. Simulations are performed on the base of individuals. MoBPS utilizes a highly efficient implementation with bit-wise data storage and matrix multiplications from the associated R-package miraculix allowing to handle large scale populations. Individual haplotypes are not stored but instead automatically derived based on points of recombination and mutations. The modular structure of MoBPS allows to combine rather coarse simulations, as needed to generate founder populations, with a very detailed modeling of todays' complex breeding programs, making use of all available biotechnologies. MoBPS provides pre-implemented functions for common breeding practices such as optimum genetic contributions and single-step GBLUP but also allows the user to replace certain steps with personalized and/or self-written solutions. Copyright © The Author(s) 2020. Published by the Genetics Society of America.Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is an invariably fatal brain tumor occurring predominantly in children. Up to 90% of pediatric DIPGs harbor a somatic heterozygous mutation resulting in the replacement of lysine 27 with methionine (K27M) in genes encoding histone H3.3 (H3F3A, 65%) or H3.1 (HIST1H3B, 25%). Several studies have also identified recurrent truncating mutations in the gene encoding protein phosphatase 1D, PPM1D, in 9-23% of DIPGs. Here, we sought to investigate the therapeutic potential of targeting PPM1D, alone or in combination with inhibitors targeting specific components of DNA damage response (DDR) pathways in patient-derived DIPG cell lines. We found that GSK2830371, an allosteric PPM1D inhibitor, suppressed the proliferation of PPM1D-mutant, but not PPM1D wild-type DIPG cells. We further observed that PPM1D inhibition sensitized PPM1D-mutant DIPG cells to PARP inhibitor (PARPi) treatment. find more Mechanistically, combined PPM1D and PARP inhibition show synergistic effects on suppressing a p53-dependent RAD51 expression and the formation of RAD51 nuclear foci, possibly leading to impaired homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair in PPM1D-mutant DIPG cells. Collectively, our findings reveal the potential role of the PPM1D-p53 signaling axis in the regulation of HR-mediated DNA repair and provide preclinical evidence demonstrating that combined inhibition of PPM1D and PARP1/2 may be a promising therapeutic combination for targeting PPM1D-mutant DIPG tumors. Implications The findings support the use of PARPi in combination with PPM1D inhibition against PPM1D-mutant DIPGs. Copyright ©2020, American Association for Cancer Research.