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While bowel preparation for colonoscopy is the key to successful examination, taking laxatives and showing stools to others causes both physical and mental distress to the patient. Thus, an alternative method to evaluation bowel preparation is necessary. In the current study, we studied the colonic fecal retention by ultrasonography (US) and examined the US finding which reflected completion of BP.
The subjects were outpatients who underwent colonoscopy. This report summarizes the ultrasonographic images of patients who underwent multiple US examinations for all five sites of the colon just before, during, and immediately after bowel preparation. According to the standard protocol, the patients took 2 L of polyethylene glycol-ascorbic acid as a laxative, which was discontinued when the nurse visually judged the stool to be clear.
Seven patients in their 50s-80s, none of whom were unable to complete a colonoscopy due to residual feces were included in study. Following bowel preparation, the US images showed anechoic areas with haustration in four or all five areas of the colon. Three of the seven patients received low-dose laxatives (1.1-1.2 L); all three had watery stools in three or more colon areas and none of them were constipated at the time of taking 1 L of laxatives.
Completion of bowel preparation can be assessed by the observation of anechoic areas with haustration in multiple colonic sites by ultrasonography.
Completion of bowel preparation can be assessed by the observation of anechoic areas with haustration in multiple colonic sites by ultrasonography.
In clinical practice, an anechoic signal was often exhibited between the volar plate (VP) of the proximal interphalan-geal joint (PIPJ) (PIPJVP) and the flexor digitorum tendon (FDT) on ultrasound, which suggests the presence of effusions (PIPJVP-FDT effusions). The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of PIPJVP-FDT effusions and to explore the possible mechanism preliminarily.
A single-center, cross sectional study in hand osteoarthritis (HOA) patients, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and healthy controls was conducted. Ultrasound examination was per-formed by the same real-time scanner with 18-MHz linear array transducer. Bilateral interphalangeal joints (IPJs) of the thumb, 2ed, 3rd, 4th and 5th PIPJs were examined. The PIPJVP-FDT effusions was defined as an anechoic signal between the PIPJVP and FDT in two perpendicular ultrasound planes.
In total, 200 patients with HOA, 78 patients with RA and 101 healthy controls were eligible for the study. 37.6% of healthy controls and 35.0% of HOA patients showed PIPJVP-FDT effusions, while only 11.5% of RA patients had PIPJVP-FDT effusions (p<0.001). The 2ed, 3rdand 4th PIPJs showed more PIPJVP-FDT effusions, while the IPJs of the thumbs and 5th PIPJs showed less PIPJVP-FDT effusions (p<0.05). Furthermore, the prevalence of PIPJVP-FDT effusions in different age groups were similar in HOA patients and healthy controls.
To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to demonstrate that the presence of PIPJVP-FDT effusions is a very common phenomenon in HOA patients and healthy individuals, and may be unrelated to inflammation, degeneration and age.
To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first to demonstrate that the presence of PIPJVP-FDT effusions is a very common phenomenon in HOA patients and healthy individuals, and may be unrelated to inflammation, degeneration and age.
In this paper we proposed different architectures of convolutional neural network (CNN) to classify fatty liver disease in images using only pixels and diagnosis labels as input. We trained and validated our models using a dataset of 629 images consisting of 2 types of liver images, normal and liver steatosis.
We assessed two pre-trained models of convolutional neural networks, Inception-v3 and VGG-16 using fine-tuning. Both models were pre-trained on ImageNet dataset to extract features from B-mode ultrasound liver images. The results obtained through these methods were compared for selecting the predictive model with the best performance metrics. We trained the two models using a dataset of 262 images of liver steatosis and 234 images of normal liver. We assessed the models using a dataset of 70 liver steatosis im-ages and 63 normal liver images.
The proposed model that used Inception v3 obtained a 93.23% test accuracy with a sensitivity of 89.9%% and a precision of 96.6%, and areas under each receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC AUC) of 0.93. The other proposed model that used VGG-16, obtained a 90.77% test accuracy with a sensitivity of 88.9% and a precision of 92.85%, and areas under each receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC AUC) of 0.91.
The deep learning algorithms that we proposed to detect steatosis and classify the images in normal and fatty liver images, yields an excellent test performance of over 90%. However, future larger studies are required in order to establish how these algorithms can be implemented in a clinical setting.
The deep learning algorithms that we proposed to detect steatosis and classify the images in normal and fatty liver images, yields an excellent test performance of over 90%. However, future larger studies are required in order to establish how these algorithms can be implemented in a clinical setting.
Congenital atrioventricular block (CAVB) is an immunological condition, secondary to the transfer of maternal Ig G antibodies from seropositive mothers. Selleckchem Spautin-1 Although the presence of these antibodies is high among pregnant women, the preva-lence of this fetal pathology is low. The aim of this paper is to analyze a series of cases with intrauterine diagnosis of CAVB and to present their follow-up protocol.
In the period between 2013-2020, five fetuses were diagnosed and followed up in the Pediatric Cardiology Clinic. In each of the cases, assessment of the hemodynamic status was done by calculation of the fetal cardiovascular profile score (CVPS). In the last cases the follow-up protocol was supplemented with longitudinal speckle tracking evaluation of the ventricular function.
In the present series, intrauterine death occurred in one case; in another case resumption of atrioventricular conduction was observed. Epicardial pacemaker implantation was required in three of the patients.
Completing the evaluation of ventricular function with the longitudinal speckle tracking method in fetuses and newborn patients with congenital atrioventricular block may play an important role in establish-ing therapeutic behavior.