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1% were rural residents, 86.7% had sex at least once with a female partner other than wife in the past 6 months, 2.7% had sex with a male partner and 1.7% injected drugs for recreational purpose. Higher age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.1 [95% CI = 1.0-1.1]), literate (OR = 0.3 [95% CI = 0.1-0.9]), visiting HSS sites for collecting condoms or seeking medical care and treatment (adjusted OR [AOR] = 0.2 [95% CI = 0.1-0.6]), rural residence (OR = 0.2 [95% CI = 0.1-0.3]) and duration of stay in home (AOR = 1.3 [95% CI = 1.1-1.5]) were found to be significant predictors of having sex with a female partner other than wife. Conclusion High HIV burden calls for urgency in the implementation of targeted intervention to minimize HIV risk among LDTs in West Bengal to fight against HIV/AIDS.Background Quality of HIV sentinel surveillance (HSS) depends on preparedness of the site and adherence to the standard operating procedures (SOPs) for HSS. A designated sentinel site is considered prepared for the round of sentinel surveillance based on the availability of infrastructure, human resource, and consumables. Objectives The study objectives were to describe the site level preparedness and adherence to SOP of antenatal care clinic (ANC) sites during the 16th round of HSS in India. Methods This was a cross-sectional study based on the findings of the supervisory visits conducted by public health specialists in ANC sites during the 16th round of HSS from January to March 2019. Semi-structured checklists were used to assess site-preparedness and adherence to the SOP for HSS. All supervisors were expected to upload the filled pro forma to the HSS management information system (MIS). We present here a descriptive analysis of the uploaded visit reports. Results Of 870 HSS sites, 783 (90%) were visited, and 479 (61.2%) reports were uploaded to MIS. Preround HSS training was not attended by one-fifth (22.6%) of the site in-charges; 35.8% of them had never received any HSS training. SOP was followed at most (94%) of the sites. The most frequently reported problem at the sites was inadequate or delayed availability of consumables. Conclusion The overall quality of site-level preparedness at antenatal clinic sites in India was good. Attention needs to be given to timely and adequate availability of consumables at sentinel sites along with proper administrative support and preround training of site in-charges.Revision knee arthroplasty is often complicated by the presence of bone loss, making the use of conventional revision implants impossible, due to inadequate bone stock and ligamentous stability. Distal femoral replacement, although traditionally was developed for salvage surgeries for bone tumours, plays an important role in revision surgeries of elderly low-demand adults with marked bone loss and ligamentous instability. Here, we report the case of a 66-year-old female, with a history of bilateral knee replacement 5 years before the presentation, who developed left knee pain, with X-ray features of failed left knee replacement. This patient had a left distal femoral replacement and successfully returned to her pre-operative function.Context Bowel carriage has been identified as the main reservoir of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) and hospital-acquired infections. There are gaps in the knowledge of trends of these rates, which need to be filled for the development and implementation of hospital surveillance systems and antibiotic stewardship programmes in Nigeria. Aim This study investigated the carriage rates of ESBL-PE among 273 children admitted to the paediatric wards of a university teaching hospital, Nigeria, using a prospective cohort study design over a 6-month period. Settings and Design The study explored the role of new and transferred patients in introducing resistant strains of ESBLs into paediatric wards and how quickly paediatric patients that were previously free of resistant strains acquired these within the hospital environment. Materials and Methods E-swabs (Copan Diagnostics, Italy) were used to obtain rectal samples from participants. SKI II nmr Positive colonies were Gram stained and subcultured onto purity plates for further identification, and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of identified ESBL-PE was obtained using a range of antibiotics. Statistical Analysis Used Data were analysed using SPSS statistics 20 (IBM SPSS Statistics, version 20). Statistical significance was determined using the Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. A logistic regression analysis was also conducted to identify independent risk factors for colonisation. Results The findings showed that transferred patients contributed to the introduction of ESBLs into the hospital. Independent multivariate risk factors for colonisation of ESBL-PE were age >10-14 years, instrumentation (odds ratio [OR] 0.2 [P less then 0.05]) and sharing of thermometers (OR 0.11 [P less then 0.05]). Conclusions The carriage rate of ESBL-PE is high (25.3%) among children, and none-carriers may become colonised within 14 days of hospitalisation.Introduction Paediatric urology is one of the subspecialities of urology, and in most climes, it is practised by the urologists and paediatric surgeons, and likewise in the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH). The urologists see and manage most of these cases in LASUTH. There has been no formal training in this subspeciality. However, both the urologists and paediatric surgeons in LASUTH have acquired some measure of skill and experience over time by virtue of the relatively high volume of the cases seen. This study is aimed at reviewing the practice of paediatric urology in the urology division of LASUTH and to advocate for formal training in an otherwise rare but direly needed subspeciality. Patients and Methods The ports of entry of paediatric patients with urologic conditions were assessed retrospectively over a 5-year period (2014-2018). The paediatric age range based on the Lagos State Government policy for health care is from birth to 12 years old. The ports of entry included the urologic interest in children and their urological conditions.