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A new and efficient visible-light-promoted dehydrogenative cross-coupling reaction of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines with α-amino carbonyl compounds toward imidoyl imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines is developed. A diverse range of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines undergoes the dehydrogenative imidoylation smoothly with α-amino carbonyl compounds to access the corresponding products in satisfactory yields. We have also proposed the possible reaction mechanism based on preliminary mechanistic studies. The synthetic method has the advantages of wide substrate scope, good functional tolerance, and mild reaction conditions, which make this transformation more practical and sustainable.Advances in switchable microlasers have emerged as a building block with immense potential in controlling light-matter interactions and integrated photonics. Compared to artificially designed interfaces, a stimuli-responsive biointerface enables a higher level of functionalities and versatile ways of tailoring optical responses at the nanoscale. However, switching laser emission with biological recognition has yet to be addressed, particularly with reversibility and wavelength tunability over a broad spectral range. Here we demonstrate a self-switchable laser exploiting the biointerface between label-free DNA molecules and dye-doped liquid crystal matrix in a Fabry-Perot microcavity. Laser emission switching among different wavelengths was achieved by utilizing DNA conformation changes as the switching power, which alters the orientation of the liquid crystals. Our findings demonstrate that different concentrations of single-stranded DNA lead to different temporal switching of lasing wavelengths and intensities. The lasing wavelength could be reverted upon binding with the complementary sequence through DNA hybridization process. Both experimental and theoretical studies revealed that absorption strength is the key mechanism accounting for the laser shifting behavior. This study represents a milestone in achieving a biologically controlled laser, shedding light on the development of programmable photonic devices at the sub-nanoscale by exploiting the complexity and self-recognition of biomolecules.Generally, compared to conjugated chain molecules, aromaticity provides additional stability for the cyclic, planar, and conjugated molecules. Thus, the concept of aromaticity was undeniably utilized to explain the unique stability for extensive cyclic molecules (notably for benzene, recently reported boron rings, and all-metal multiply aromatic Al42- salts) to guide chemical syntheses. However, can aromaticity alone describe the stability for all of those cyclic and planar clusters or molecules? In this regard, we observed the four-membered prototypical rings c-M2O2-/0 clusters (M = B, Al, Ga, and In) possessing unique rhombic (four-center, four-electron) π and σ o-bonds, which are considered to have 3-fold aromaticity. selleckchem Moreover, we not only elucidated the key role of ring strain energy (RSE) to determine the stability of these rings but also unexpectedly revealed that the electrostatic interaction (ionicity) plays a fundamental role in the stability of Al2O2-/0 clusters through systematically experimental and theoretical investigations into the isolated M2O2-/0 clusters (M = B, Al, Ga, and In). Detailed geometries, molecular orbital, and chemical bonding nature were analyzed to unravel those influences. This work provides a clue in which RSE and the electrostatic effect should be carefully taken into account for the stability of diverse cyclic clusters or molecules compared to the expected stability factor from aromaticity.This work reports the synthesis and characterization of a new C^N-based cycloplatinated(II) fluoride complex, [Pt(ppy)(PPh3)F] (2; ppy = 2-phenylpyridinate), involving a Pt-F bond. The new complex is highly luminescent in the green area with a high quantum yield of 94.6% at 77 K. A comparison study of the heavier halogen derivatives reveals a descending emission quantum yield order of F > Cl > Br > I. Time-dependent density functional theory calculations ascribe the decreased emission efficiency to the decreasing trend of an intraligand (IL) transition from F to I, which accounts for the major radiative pathway. In addition, 2 is capable of the fluorinating alkyl halides, leading to Csp3-F bond formation at room temperature.Cells rely on protein degradation by AAA+ proteases. A well-known example is the hexameric ClpX unfoldase, which captures ATP hydrolysis to feed substrates into the oligomeric ClpP peptidase. Recent studies show that an asymmetric ClpX spiral cycles protein translocation upon ATP hydrolysis. However, how this cycle affects peptide products is less explored in part because ClpP cleavage is thought to be solely defined by sequence constraints. Here, we comprehensively characterize peptides from Caulobacter crescentus ClpXP degradation of three different substrates using high-resolution mass spectrometry and find that cleavage of translocated substrates is driven by factors other than sequence. We report that defined locations in a translocated protein are especially sensitive to cleavage spaced on average every 10-13 residues. These sites are not exclusively controlled by sequence and are independent of bulk changes in catalytic peptidase sites, ATP hydrolysis, or the efficiency of initial recognition. These results fit a model in which processive translocation through ClpX starts at a specific location in a polypeptide and pauses during reset of the ClpX hexamer after a cycle of translocation. Our work suggests that defined peptides, which could be used as signaling molecules, can be generated from a given substrate by a nonspecific peptidase.Microbial presence and regrowth in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) is routinely monitored to assess the biological stability of drinking water without a residual disinfectant, but the conventional microbiological culture methods currently used target only a very small fraction of the complete DWDS microbiome. Here, we sequenced 16S rRNA gene amplicons to elucidate the attached and suspended prokaryotic community dynamics within three nonchlorinated DWDSs with variable regrowth conditions distributing similarly treated surface water from the same source. One rural location, with less regrowth related issues, differed most strikingly from the other two urban locations by the exclusive presence of Pseudonocardia (Actinobacteria) in the biofilm and the absence of Limnobacter (Betaproteobacteriales) in the water and loose deposits during summer. There was a dominant seasonal effect on the drinking water microbiomes at all three locations. For one urban location, it was established that the most significant changes in the microbial community composition on a spatial scale occurred shortly after freshly treated water entered the DWDS.